African Food and Art: Sharing History and Heritage

In Africa cattle is very important. They are not just used for meat, but they also provide milk, leather, and even help with farming. Owning cattle shows that a family is wealthy and respected in their community. Cattle are used in traditional ceremonies and as gifts in weddings or to settle disputes. They are a crucial part of the economy in many places, helping people earn money and trade goods. Cattle are domesticated bovine animals like cows, bulls, oxen, and calves raised for their meat, milk, and labor, Ethiopia has the most cattle in Africa. Beef is a common part of the Ethiopian diet used in traditional dishes such as tibs, a stir-fried beed, kitfo, a minced raw beef recipe. Cattle play a crucial role in food recipes, traditional ceremonies and cultural practices across Africa.  The Oromo people, one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia, use cattle for milk, meat, hides, and as a symbol of wealth and status. The Somali pastoralist communities in the eastern regions of Ethio

The government in Mozambique used vagrancy rules in 1878 to unfairly force Black Africans to work without pay as a deliberate strategy to oppress and exploit them. In 1878, the colonial administration in Mozambique implemented a vagrancy law that criminalized the act of wandering from place to place without proof of employment or means of support. This law targeted local Black Africans, aiming to control their movement and labor.  The primary purpose of this vagrancy legislation was to fix labor shortages on African plantations, a challenge that emerged after the abolition of slavery in the colonies. By enforcing the vagrancy law, the colonial authorities coerced Black Africans into the labor force, ensuring a steady supply of free workers for the plantations. This exploitation wasn't accidental; it was a calculated move to suppress and control the indigenous population. The authorities used the law to justify widespread abuse, creating a system that perpetuated hardship and kept t